Conversational AI

22 Jun 2025

Kruti: Multilingual Indian Assistants for Everyday Tasks

Most AI assistants are built in English and then translated. Kruti wasn’t. It launched in 13 Indian languages from day one—and that distinction matters more than it sounds.

Krutrim is India’s first AI unicorn, valued at $1 billion and spun out of Ola by Bhavish Aggarwal. They launched Kruti on June 12th. It’s an “agentic” AI assistant, which these days gets slapped on anything that sounds fancy. But Kruti actually earns the label: it doesn’t just answer questions. It books cabs, pays bills, orders food, generates images. Real transactions through real APIs—not chatbot parlor tricks.

23 Nov 2023

Rasa: Minimizing Complexity in Generative AI Bots

I’ve spent the past month evaluating conversational AI frameworks at DreamFlare. We’re building a GenAI entertainment platform, and the bot layer sits at the center of everything. So when Rasa launched CALM—that’s Conversational AI with Language Models—back in October, I paid close attention.

After a couple of weeks digging through docs and hacking together a proof-of-concept, I’ve got a verdict. Rasa made the smartest architectural bet in conversational AI right now. Not the flashiest. Not the most technically impressive. The smartest.

5 Apr 2023

GPT-4: The New Frontier of Intelligent Reasoning

Three weeks ago, OpenAI released GPT-4. I’ve been using it almost daily since, and something feels different this time.

Not the “oh cool, it writes poems” kind of different. More like the “wait, it actually understood what I was asking” kind. I’ve spent years working with language models in various capacities — GPT-4 is the first one where I regularly forget I’m talking to a machine.

The Bar Exam Thing #

Let’s start with the number everyone’s quoting: GPT-4 scored in the top 10% on a simulated bar exam. GPT-3.5 scored in the bottom 10%. Same test; same format. The jump happened in roughly four months of iteration.

7 Dec 2022

ChatGPT: The Natural-Language Rupture of 2022

One million users in five days.

I keep coming back to that number. Instagram took two and a half months to hit a million. Facebook needed ten. Netflix took three and a half years. ChatGPT did it in five days. And everyone I’ve talked to this week — engineers, product managers, even my dentist — has an opinion about it.

I’ve been working in and around conversational AI at Google for over a year now. I’ve seen impressive demos. I’ve built prototypes with language models. None of that prepared me for the visceral reaction people are having to ChatGPT. This isn’t excitement about a new product. It’s something closer to a rupture.

13 Apr 2022

Talk: Lucrative Conversational Commerce with Chatbots

I gave a talk recently on conversational commerce — the intersection of chatbots, messaging platforms, and actual revenue generation. Not the “chatbots are the future!” hand-waving that’s been circulating for years. The concrete business case: where the money is, which platforms are winning, and what implementation patterns actually drive results.

The short version? Conversational commerce isn’t speculative anymore. The market was around $41B in 2020 and is projected to hit $290B by 2025. That’s roughly 7x growth in five years. When a market moves that fast, you either figure out your strategy or watch competitors figure out theirs.